Saving the Earths Ozone Layer Went Even Better Than Expected. In 1. 98. 9, amidst mounting scientific evidence, dozens of nations joined forces to sign a treaty aimed at halting the expansion of a massive hole in Earths ozone layer. Nearly thirty years later, the Montreal Protocol has done just that. But it has also done something its architects never intended. It has become one of Americas most effective tools in the fight against climate change. Thats the surprising conclusion of a study published this week in Geophysical Research Letters, which takes a fresh look at the consequences of the nearly 3. CFCs and later, hydrochlorofluorocarbons HCFCs, after scientists determined that these compounds were destroying ozone in Earths stratosphere. Laser Sights for Pistols, Glocks, Rifles, Rugers, Berettas Lasermax, Aimshot, Crimson Trace More 546 products 908 models Page 1. Polarized votes are the combined shares of 1 and 10 ratings. Any differences due to rounding. The polarization score is calculated with a formula from Esteban and Ray. You have not yet voted on this site If you have already visited the site, please help us classify the good from the bad by voting on this site. Since CFCs and HCFCs are also potent greenhouse gases, phasing them out has had a major impact on US climate pollution Between 2. Montreal Protocol led to greenhouse gas reductions with roughly half the benefit of all other climate regulations enacted by the EPA. This is something thats been talked about for a while, this dual benefit of the Montreal Protocol limiting damage to the ozone layer, also curtailing climate change, Rachel Cleetus, climate policy manager and lead economist with the Climate and Energy program at the Union of Concerned scientists, told Gizmodo. Tamil 80S Songs here. Its because all these ozone depleting substances are also very potent global warming gases. Descargar Gratis Sims 3 here. Indeed, the CFCs and HCFCs used as refrigerator coolants, aerosol propellants, flame retardants, and more have heat trapping potentials hundreds to thousands of times greater than carbon dioxide on a timescale of centuries. While prior research has highlighted the climate benefits of the Protocol on a global scale, the new study looked specifically at what its implementation meant for climate pollution in the US. This is a wonderful advertisement of the success of the Clean Air Act just at a time when it is being undermined by the Trump administration. Under the Montreal Protocolwhich was enforced by the EPAs Clean Air Actthe US saw a a near complete phaseout of CFCs beginning in 1. HCFCs since 1. 99. Pulling data from the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administrations atmospheric monitoring network, Lei Hu from the University of Colorado Boulder and her colleagues demonstrated that from 2. CO2 emissions by 1. Projecting forward, the researchers found that the continued implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments could shave some 5. CO2 off our carbon footprint annually by 2. For context, 5. 00 million tons of CO2 is roughly a quarter of what we need to cut to meet our Paris Climate Agreement target, of reducing emissions 2. SajcN27PpY/maxresdefault.jpg' alt='Little Big Planet Update 1 303' title='Little Big Planet Update 1 303' />The Man of Steel came soaring into comics way back in 1938, making his debut in Action Comics 1. Created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, Superman has gone on to. Party Galleries. 5 years ago Mature NL Six old and young lesbians have a party of their own 5 years ago Porn Fidelity Content of Jade Hsu Jade was the perfect. Eu7FDtfetSvBwlR9w9yccTuVBakkj10h3pZMeF0Fq_KM3Z5YuEqzqaf3pdgaEOP8rBka=h310' alt='Little Big Planet Update 1 303' title='Little Big Planet Update 1 303' />The world of Steven Universe This map is built completely by hand no WorldEdit no McEdit no VoxelSniper. World save info Please advice me on how I should. Its also close to the annual US emissions from the entire agriculture sector. There is a catch Today, the climate benefits of slashing CFCs and HCFCs are being offset, in part, by the use of hydrofluorocarbons HFCs, which dont destroy ozone like their nastier cousins, but are still hundreds to thousands of times more effective at trapping heat than CO2. The good news is, last year, the US and other countries adhering to the Montreal Protocol agreed to limit future production and consumption of HFCs, too, with the adoption of the Kigali amendment. The legally binding amendment, which mandates rich countries stop production and use of HFCs by 2. Secretary of State John Kerry as the single most important step in the fight against climate change. This, less than a week after 1. Paris Climate Agreement. Of course, as positive as this is, we still need to bring down carbon emissions if were going to halt global warming. Unfortunately, Trump and EPA head Scott Pruitt are currently working to do the exact opposite, withdrawing the US from the Paris Agreement and unwinding Obama era climate regulations. Perhaps the most important thing the Montreal Protocol has to offer todayaside from the immediate environmental benefitsis a salient reminder that meaningful action is possible. As a policy framework, the Montreal Protocol has been an incredible success, Cleetus, who was not involved with the new study, said. Its pretty striking how quickly countries moved together. Whats also striking is how the protocol has matured and been updated over time. Kevin Trenberth, an atmospheric scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, agreed. This is a wonderful advertisement of the success of the Clean Air Act just at a time when it is being undermined by the Trump administration, he told Gizmodo. If one takes appropriate actions it has consequences and can indeed work. Geophysical Research LettersCorrection An earlier version of this post stated that the continued CFCHCFC phaseout could shave some 5. CO2 off our carbon footprint annually by 2. In fact, to reach 5. CO2 equivalent emissions reductions, the US will also need to implement a phaseout of HFCs as stipulated in the Kigali amendment. Tell My Story Too Ebookers'>Tell My Story Too Ebookers. The text has been updated to reflect this.